The Effects of Antidepressant Treatment in Prenatally Stressed Rats Literature review

The Effects of antidepressant drug Treatment in Prenatally Stressed Rats - Literature review ExamplePrior studies suggest that abnormalities in the infection of hippocampal glutamate play a vital role in the pathophysiology of mood and apprehension ailments. Apparently, umpteen of the studies borrowed greatly from former studies on the same line, but other studies present actual studies to provide empirical conclusion on the same (Marrocco et al., 2014). Alternatively, there is empirical evidence in regards to a model of depression and anxiety, which is central to the hypo-function hippocampus, and many of the studies utilize fe manly rats because of their advanced incidence of major depression in women (Van et al., 2011). Exposure to inveterate nisus in adulthood leads to the improvement of production of glutamate in the hippocampus. In this regard, there are other treatments for anxiety noted from the cited articles. The evidence asserts that a portion of the hippocampus, w hich specifically encodes memories of stress, emotions, and anxiety, is in line with the postulated hypothesis of stress-related disorders (Marrocco et al., 2014). In addition, chronic stress can result in long-term physiological and behavioral disorders such as first birth weight, infant morbidity, anxiety, and lack of sleep and cognition retardation (Maccari et al., 2003). Other scholars have begined to establish a link between PRS exposure, and alcohol consumption (Richardson et al., 2008). In this perspective, there is a variance between male and female consumption of alcohol, and research suggests that males im develop reduced activation of acute alcohol administration (Richardson et al., 2008). Recently, evidence has come up showing that PRS has can prevent the reduction in the consumption of alcohol-induced by chronic stress in adult alcohol-preferring female rats (Darnaudery et al., 2007). Many of the scholars have utilized rats, as subjects, in their studies, to show how mood disorders can be stable throughout the life of a human being (Vallee et al., 1999). This is because it is doable to notice the ailments early and later as they develop (Henry et al., 994).The methods utilized by many of the studies follow an evidence-based approach, whereby the aim was to test the evidence (Darnaudery et. al., 2007). In scientific research, the objective is to achieve empirical evidence and because most of the studies determine followed experimental approaches (Nestle and Hyman, 2010). This approach is effective, and it utilizes randomized trials, including a control group and experimental group. The two groups help investigators to discriminate results, or findings appropriately (Richardson et al., 2008). In other cases, the investigators further, classify the control and experimental groups in terms of sex, age to find out the variations in the provided context. The most important advantage of this approach is to increase internal asperity (Henry et al., 994). This means that in the event of subsequent studies on the same subject will amount to interchangeable findings (Morley-Fletcher et al., 2003). Chronic treatment of the PRS rats using antidepressants had a positive outcome, in that it resulted in normal levels of synaptic vesicle-associated proteins in rats (Maccari et al., 2003). In this context, the use of anxiolytics and tranquilizers escalate the rigidity in the animal models of depression (Moley-Fletcher et al., 2003). Alternatively, depolarization-evoked the production of glutamate was in high PRS rats.